《烟雾笼罩着古老的阶梯》的新历史主义解读

An Interpretation of A Gloom Is Cast upon the Ancient Steps from the Perspective of Neo-Historicism

"十年俄语布克奖"获奖小说《烟雾笼罩着古老的阶梯》饱含凝重的历史感,是作家丘达科夫历史观的一个全面阐释,契合新历史主义"文本的历史性"和"历史的文本性"的理念。文本作者选用一位历史学家的视角来达到历史学家身份的解构,进而展现自己对历史的态度和认识。文学和历史的互动关系在此表现为:用文学文本来再现历史,还原历史,考证历史,补充历史,让文本大于历史,从文学与历史的平行对话中探寻人类的终极梦想——生活的真谛,"精神的栖息",人性的解放。而完成这样的追求在作家看来不能靠"无法认识"的上帝,也不会是现实中被荒诞命运捉弄的人,而是"姥爷"心中的艺术,也即,在文学艺术中艺术地实现对生命、生活、生存的感悟和洞识。

In 2011 , Alexander Chudakov won the Russian Booker of the Decade with A Gtoom Is Cast upon the Ancient Steps, which is a comprehensive explanation of Chudakov＇ s outlook of history. It fits well the Neo - historicist ideas： ＂historicity of texts＂ and ＂textuality of history＂. The text writer selects the historian＇ s perspective to deconstruct the historian＇ s identity and then to display his attitude and understanding of history. Here, the interaction between literature and history is shown： the text writer reproduces history, restores history, does textual research into history and replenishes history so that the text means more than history, and pursues man＇ s ultimate dream in the dialogue between literature and history the true essence of life, spiritual inhabitation and human liberation. In the opinion of the text writer, such a pursuit is fulfilled not by God, whom we ＂can＇ t get to know＂ , or by those who are teased by the ridiculous fate in reality, but by art, which is held in the heart of the ＂grandfather＂ , i.e. to artistically achieve understanding of life and existence through literature and art.