临沂话中的介词“掌”及其类型学考察

Approach to the Preposition "Zhang" on Typological Perspective

现代临沂话中,介词"掌"和"用"、"凭"并行有表示"工具"和"凭借"的意义,根据持拿义动词向介词语法化的路径,"掌"应该有表示处置的意义,这在其他方言中也可以得到佐证,但是在现在临沂话中却没有发展出表示处置的意义。我们认为,这是一种强制停止语法化的现象。通过考察"掌"的意义及其语法化过程,我们验证了持拿义动词向介词发展的共性特征和个性特点,构拟了持拿义介词的语义图模型。

The preposition＂Zhang＂in Linyi dialect means＂by（instruments/depend on）＂.According to grammaticalization theory,the cline of the verb set＂hold＂,＂Zhang＂would grammaticalize the mean of＂Dispose＂,which can be proved by other dialects.Otherwise,we cannot find this function of＂Zhang＂.In my own point,the stop of grammaticalization of＂Zhang＂was districted by principle of mandarin.By approaching the grammaticalizing path of＂Zhang＂and＂hold＂set verb,we reconstruct the semantic map model of＂hold＂set prepositions.