文学社会学视域中的工农兵文学创作主体论

Creating Subjects of Worker-farmer-soldier Literature in the View of Literature Sociology

工农兵文学的创作主体不是一般的文学作者,而是须取得思想认同的专业文学工作者和工农兵业余作者。他们从事的不是个人的写作,而是工农兵的阶级写作。他们作品产生的动因不是情感动因,而是思想动因。同时,他们必须十分重视作品的社会效果。他们实际上不是创作的主动者,而是创作的被动者。这是由倡导者的政治文学观所决定的。这种文学观的创作主体观,导致了文学的趋同化现象,但又对当时的革命起了积极的作用,具有历史的合理性。同时,建国后的工农兵文学创作主体,也在努力改变创作的被动地位,创作了一批有文化意蕴的作品,完全否定它们是不公允的,也是不科学的。

The creating subjects of the workers, farmers and soldiers literature are not ordinary lit erary authors, but professional literature workers and amateur worker-farmer-soldier authors with the same ideology. They are not writing as individuals, but as the worker-farmer-soldier class. They pro- duce their work not from an emotional motivation, but an ideological motivation. At the same time, they must attach great importance to the the social effects of their works. They are not actually initia- tive creation, but passive creation, which is determined by the political literature view of the advo- cates. This creative concept is the main cause of the convergence of literature, but it played a positive role in the revolutionary and thus is historically rational. At the same time, after the founding of new China, the worker-farmer-soldier literature creation sbujects are also working to change passive posi tion of the creation, creating a number of works with cultural implication. Thus it is unfair and unsci- entitle to negate them completely.