化学物质生态风险评估与管理背景下筛选我国生态毒理试验鱼种的方法初探

A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION ON SCREENING OF CHINESE INDIGENOUS FISHES FOR ECOTOXICOLOGICAL TESTS IN CONTEXT OF CHEMICALS' ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT

提出了以"可替换性"意义定义鱼种的生态代表性,并以鱼种对空间区域和水温的要求构建了生态代表性函数.同时,按照鱼类毒性测试的试验要求根据鱼种的体长、孵化时间以及对水温的要求构造生态毒理试验可行性函数.在收集我国各鱼类生物、生态信息基础上,综合生态代表性和生态毒理试验可操作性对鱼种进行了初步筛选,并通过仿真考察了生态毒理试验可行性随定义函数的不确定性.提出的兼顾生态代表性与生态毒理试验可行性的方法为后续探索我国生态毒理供试生物和推进化学物质生态风险的环境管理提供了参考.

Spatial heterogeneity and ecological variation across habitats merit more attention from the perspective of ecological risk assessment and management of chemicals, which necessitates the development of ecotoxicological test organisms using indigenous fishes in China. In this paper, the ecological relevance of a fish was put forward in a sense of ecological substitutability with respect to its habitat coverage and characteristic biological temperature. Meanwhile, body length, hatching duration, and water temperature requirement were synthesized to represent ecotoxieological feasibility. The combination of ecological relevance and ecotoxicological feasibility was employed to indicate possibility of certain Chinese indigenous fishes to be candidate test organisms. In addition, uncertainty in defining feasibility was evaluated by simulation. This investigation was deemed helpful to sharpen the efforts to develop Chinese indigenous test organisms and to improve the environmental relevance of chemoecological risk assessment and management in China.