微宇宙法分析小檗碱对模拟池塘生态系统的影响

Effects of Berberine on Pond Ecosystem Using Laboratory Microcosm Method

试验设定3个药物浓度梯度处理组和1个对照组,采用微宇宙法分析化感物质小檗碱对模拟池塘生态系统水化指标、浮游生物及养殖对象的影响.结果表明,小檗碱作用下各处理组的pH、DO含量与NO_2^--N含量均呈现缓慢下降趋势,96 h时各试验组DO与NO_2^--N含量与对照组差异显著(p<0.05);而COD、NH_3-N、及PO_4^(3-)-P则呈现缓慢上升趋势,96 h时40 mg·L^(-1)试验组COD与NH_3-N含量与对照组差异显著(p<0.05).小檗碱可以显著抑制模拟池塘生态系统的藻类及小型浮游动物的生长(p<0.05),且对蓝藻的生长抑制作用最强,10 mg·L^(-1)小檗碱作用96 h时对蓝藻细胞密度及生物量抑制率分别为66.2%、63.6%,同时对草金鱼的存活率无显著影响(p>0.05),但此时DO含量较低且COD、NH_3-N含量有所升高,因此在水产上使用小檗碱杀藻的同时,需开增氧机以保证水体中DO含量并酌量添加微生态制剂等降低水体COD及NH_3-N含量.

The effects of allelochemical berberine with three different concentrations on pond ecosystem is studied using laboratory microcosm method. The results showed that pH, concentration of DO and NO2-N decreased by degrees under the influence of berberine, and compared with control group, the concentration of DO and NO2--N in the treated groups are all different remarkably（p〈0.05）at 96 h. Concentration of COD, NH3-N, PO4 3 --P of each treated group had increased slowly in the experiments, and the concentration of COD and NH3-N were marked difference from the control group in the group of 40 mg · L-1 by the end of the trial（p〈0.05）. The results also showed that berberine exhibited significantly inhibitory effect on the growth of alage and microzooplankton in the micro-ecosystem, and had the strongest inhibitory effect on the cell density and biomass of Cyanophyta. The inhibitory rate reached 66.2G and 63.6G in the concentration of 10 mg ·L-1 within 96 h. Meanwhile, berberine had no inhibitory effect on the survival rate of Carassius aurutus（p〉0. 05）.