4Fakham H,Djemai M,Busawon K.Design and practical implementation of a back-EMF sliding-mode observer for a brushless DC motor[].IET Electric Power Applications.2008
5Iizuka K, Uzuhashi H. Microcomputer control for sensor less brushless motor [J]. IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, 1985, 21 (4) :595～601
6Corley M J, Iorenz R D. Rotor position and velocity estimation for a salient-pole permanent magnet synchronous machine at standstill and high speeds [J]. IEEE Trans.on Industrial Application, 1998, 34 (4) :784～789
7Yang G. et al. Position and speed sensorless control of brush-less DC motor based on an adaptive observer [ J ]. Trans. Inst. Elec. Eng. Jpn. D, 1993, 113 (5 :179～ 186
8Chen Zhiqian. New adaptive sliding observers for position and velocity sensorless control of brushless DC motors [J ]. IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, 2000, 47 (3) : 582 ～ 591
9Mutuwo Tomita, Tomonobu Senjyu. New sensorless control for brushless DC motors using disturbance observers and adaptive velocity estimations [J]. IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, 1998, 45 (2) :274～282
