Ecological Footprint and Endogenous Economic Growth in the Poyang Lake Area in China Based on Empirical Analysis of Panel Data Model

鄱阳湖地区生态足迹与内生经济增长——基于面板数据模型的实证分析(英文)

In this paper, ecological footprint methods were used to calculate the ecological footprint of six cities （Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Jiujiang, Xinyu, Yingtan and Fuzhou） in the Poyang Lake Area, Jiangxi, China from 1991 to 2010. Ecological footprint was the input factor for ecological resources and the contribution of this and other factors such as labor and capital to economic growth were analyzed. The results showed that, from 1991 to 2010, ecological footprints in the six cities increased year by year. The amount of land for fossil energy, under cultivation and grassland influenced total ecological footprint in each city. The contribution of ecological resources, labor factors and capital factors to economic growth showed regional differences. Nanchang, Jiujiang, Xinyu, and Yingtan are capital-orientated and capital factor had a great influence on the economic growth rates, whereas, Jingdezhen and Fuzhou were labor-orientated. The contribution of ecological resources to economic growth in the six cities was the lowest of all three factors, meaning that efficiency of ecological resource utilization is low. Total productivity plays a key role in economic development; however, the overall level of total factor productivity for the six cities was low and indicates that the technological content of Poyang Lake Area’s economic growth is low and the utilization of input factors extensive. In summary, we suggest changing the mode of economic growth and developing tertiary industry in the region.

本文采用生态足迹理论方法对鄱阳湖地区6个城市(南昌、景德镇、九江、新余、鹰潭、抚州)1991-2010年生态足迹进行了测算,以生态足迹度量生态资源投入,与劳动力、资本一起作为投入要素对经济增长的内在贡献度进行了分析,并研究了全要素生产率与经济增长率的关系以及三大产业对生态足迹的影响。结果表明:(1)1991-2010年鄱阳湖地区6个城市生态足迹呈现逐年上涨的趋势,其中化石能源地、耕地与草地的生态足迹对总生态足迹的影响较大;(2)生态资源、劳动力与资本等要素对经济增长的贡献度呈现出地区性的差异,南昌、九江、新余和鹰潭属于资本主导型,资本对经济增长的贡献率最大,景德镇和抚州属于劳动力主导型,劳动力对经济增长的贡献率最大,生态资源要素的贡献率在6个城市中均居于最后,说明生态资源要素的使用效率过低;(3)全要素生产率对经济发展水平起到了关键作用,但6个城市的全要素生产率总体水平都很低,说明鄱阳湖地区经济增长的技术含量较低,要素的使用属于粗放型,这不利于该区域经济长期快速发展的要求;(4)第一产业对生态足迹的影响最大,第三产业对生态足迹的影响最小,鄱阳湖地区各城市应转变经济发展方式,大力发展第三产业。最后,在此基础上提出了鄱阳湖地区可持续发展的对策。