2000-2010年宜宾市麻疹流行特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Yibin,2000-2010

目的通过对2000-2010年宜宾市麻疹流行因素和特征的分析,了解宜宾市麻疹防制中存在的问题,并探讨控制策略。方法采用描述性统计推断对2000-2010年宜宾市麻疹免疫和发病资料进行分析。结果宜宾市2000-2010年麻疹年平均发病率为9.06/10万,发病率由2000年的22.97/10万下降到2010年的0.34/10万,2000年发病率最高(22.97/10万),2009年发病率最低(0.13/10万);流行有明显季节性,病例散发,7岁以下的农村儿童为主;共暴发麻疹疫情9起,其中8起发生在农村中、小学校,共发病396例,均发生在2005年前;病例中有免疫接种史者31%,无接种史者30%,其余为接种史不祥者;其中1岁以下病例有免疫史者仅占9%。结论 2000-2010年宜宾市麻疹报告发病总体呈下降趋势,发病者中以无免疫接种史及接种史不祥的为多,提高麻疹免疫接种、复种及时率,增加接种有效性,加强婴、幼儿接种工作,应为防制和消除麻疹工作的重点。

Objective To discuss the strategies for measles control by analyzing characteristics of measles epidemic in Yibin from 2000 to 2010.Methods Descriptive statistical method was employed to analyze measles cases and population immunity conditions.Results The average incidence of measles through the 11 years was 9.06/105.The incidence decreased from 22.97/105 to 0.34/105.The cases were scattered with seasonal pattern in the region.The vulnerable population was rural children under the age of 7.Totally 9 outbreaks were reported in the period and 8 of which happened in rural area,with a total case number of 396.Among the cases 31% had inoculation history and 30% without inoculation history,the rest were unclear.Cases with inoculation history took a proportion of 9%.Conclusion The incidence of measles in Yibin showed a down trend from 2000 to 2010,and cases without inoculation or unclear history took a great proportion.Pertinent work should be focused on enhancing the inoculation and re-inoculation rate,as well as strengthening inoculation work towards the infants.