芥菜航天诱变选育后代的酯酶同工酶与SSR分析

ANALYSIS OF ESTERASE ISOZYME AND SSR FOR MUTAGENIC PROGENIES INDUCED BY SPACE MUTATION IN MUSTARD

以"实践八号"育种卫星搭载的5个芥菜品种为材料,经连续5年种植选择,共获得10个相对稳定的突变系,这些突变系农艺性状和经济性状都产生明显变异。以未经航天诱变处理的相应芥菜品种为对照,对其进行酯酶同工酶和SSR分析。同工酶分析显示:突变系与其对照之间在酶带种类及酶活性上均存在不同程度的差异;不同芥菜品种酯酶图谱不同,其诱变后代酶谱表达也不同,表明不同芥菜品种对航天诱变的敏感性存在差异。SSR分析结果表明:航天诱变材料相对于对照在SSR位点处发生较大程度的变异,其变异频率在9.52%～57.14%之间,总平均变异频率为26.19%;其中扩增片段数目变化约占56.36%,扩增片段分子量变化约占43.64%。本研究结果显示10个突变系在表现型、基因组序列和基因表达水平上均发生明显变化,表明航天诱变可作为芥菜种质资源创新和品种选育的方法之一。

Seeds of five mustard （Brassica juncea Coss） varieties were carried into outer space by ＂ Shijian No. 8＂ satellite. After five years＇ consecutive planting and selection, ten relatively stable mutant lines were obtained, which had significant variation in agronomic and economic characters. The mutant lines and their original varieties without space mutation treatment as control were studied by esterase isozyme and SSR analyses. Electrophoresis analysis of esterase isozymes indicated that there were differences between mutant lines and their controls in enzyme types and enzyme activity. Different mustard varieties had different enzymographs, and so did the mutants induced by space mutation, which showins different sensitivity among different mustard varieties. The SSR analysis showed that large differences were found in the SSR loci between mutant lines and their original variety, the variation frequency was between 9.52% and 57.14% with an average frequency of 26. 19% for all the mutant lines. Among the mutant SSR loci, about 56.36% showed changes in band number and 43.64% in molecular weight. These results indicated that the ten mutant lines had large genetic difference in phenotype, genomic sequence and gene expression, and the outer space mutation would be an effective method to develop new mustard germplasm and variety.