经脂肪源性干细胞诱导的施万样细胞用于组织工程化人工神经的实验研究

Experimental study of the Schwann-like cells from the committed differentiation of Adiposederived stromal cells in vitro and it＇s applying in tissue-engineered bioarfificial nerve

目的研究经大鼠脂肪源性干细胞（ADSCs）体外诱导分化的施万样细胞应用于组织工程化外周神经，修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损的效果。方法Wistar大鼠48只，体重200-250g，随机分成3组，每纽i6只，分别用下面3种不同的方法修复15mm坐骨神经缺损：DMEM组（支架内注射培养基）、诱导组（支架内注射施万样细胞）和自体神经移植组．通过足迹实验（坐骨神经功能指数测定）、神经电生理检测、胫前肌湿重比率测定进行功能检测；应用透射电镜、图像分析系统进行组织学观察。结果术后12周诱导组的SFI指数、神经传导速度、潜伏期、波幅以及胫前肌重量恢复、神经纤维数目、轴突直径、髓鞘厚厦好于DMEM组（P〈0．05），接近自体移植组。再生神经中标记细胞观察显示PKH-26标记的ADSCs，依然呈红色荧光。结论ADSCs诱导分化后的施万样细胞与去细胞同种异体神经两者构建的组织工程化神经能有效地修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损，其效果与自体神经移植相似：ADSCs经诱导后的细胞可以作为组织工程种子细胞新的来源。

Objective To evaluate the effecti of the Schwann-like cells from the Committed Differentiation of Adipose-derived Stromal Cells in vitro, which applying in tissue-engineered bioarfificial nerve. Methods Forty-eight Wistar rats, weighing 2110-250g were randomly divided into three groups of nerve grafting, with 16 rats in each group, reparing the 15mm nerve defect by three different methods. Group 1）MEM （ANA＋I）MEM）, Group Induction （ANA＋ Schwann-like cells）, Group Autografts. Three months later, a series of examinations were performed, including： electrophysiological methods. Walking trace＇s analysis. toluidineblue staining. Electron Microscope. Results At I2 weeks after the operations, all the examinations in Group Induction were better than Group I）MEM （P 〈1t.05）. But there were no statistically significant differences between Group Autografts and Group Induction. After a survival time of 12 weeks, the fluorescence signal of ADSCs labeled with PKH-26 were still detected in the nerve graft by using immunofluorescence. Conclusion Differentiated ADSCs could promote nerve regeneration when used as seed cells to build tissue-engineered peripheral nerves with acellular nerve scaffolds. Its effect of repair was similar to autologous nerves. It was suggested that ADSCs are potential seed cells for peripheral nerve tissue engineering and the future of its clinical application is brilliant.