研发团队多元性、知识分享与创新绩效关系的实证研究

An Empirical Study on Team Diversity, Knowledge Sharing and Innovation Performance in R&D Teams

本研究基于社会分类理论和信息与决策理论,分析研发团队多元性的社会属性、信息和价值观三个不同维度对知识分享及创新绩效的影响,提出研究假设。论文利用62家高科技企业的71个研发团队的调查数据对研究假设进行了实证检验。研究结果发现,研发团队的社会属性多元性对知识分享、创新绩效具有消极的影响,而信息多元性对知识分享、创新绩效具有积极的影响,价值观多元性的影响作用不显著。此外,社会属性多元性和价值观多元性对信息多元性与知识分享的关系起到了负向的调节作用。

In recent years, R＆D teams have become more and more important for organization innovation. The innovation per- formance of R＆D teams always determines the core competitive advantage of the organization. Therefore, these days most high- tech enterprises pay close attention to the construction of an effi- cient R＆D team with effective personnel staffing so as to increase the team innovation performance. Based on Social-categorization Theory and Information ＆ Decision Making Theory, this paper probes into the effects of three dimensions of team diversity, in- cluding social category diversity, informational diversity and value diversity on knowledge sharing and innovation performance, then proposes some hypotheses. Using the data of 71 R＆D teams in 62 high-tech firms, this paper tries to test the hypotheses empirically. Results show that the social category diversity has a negative ef- fect on knowledge sharing and innovation performance, while in- formational diversity has a positive effect on both of them. At the same time, social category diversity and value diversity moderate the relationship between informational diversity and knowledge sharing. However, the effect of value diversity on knowledge shar- ing and innovation performance is not obvious. As a matter of fact, the influence of value diversity on knowledge sharing and innovation performance might be analyzed in two sides： On one hand, similar values among team members may promote commu- nication, eliminate team conflicts and facilitate knowledge shar- ing; On the other hand, the obvious variation of values may chal- lenge the team members to debate and encourage innovation. As a result, the effect of value diversity might be more complicated and unpredictable. The findings of this study prove the explanation of Social Category Theory on team social category diversity as well as the explanation of Information ＆ Decision Making Theory on team informational diversity. At the end of this paper, the implica- tions and the limitations of the study are put forward.