无患子叶皂苷提取及结构表征

Extraction and Characterization of Saponins from Sapindus

以无患子叶子为研究对象,分别考察了索氏抽提法与微波萃取法对皂苷提取得率的影响,确定了较优的提取工艺。结果表明,索氏抽提选择80%乙醇为提取剂,在液料比30:1(g:g,下同),提取温度95℃,抽提时间为3 h,提取2次时皂苷元提取得率达到21.7%;微波萃取选择3 g原料,微波功率300 W,温度70℃,90%的乙醇,液料比20:1,提取时间45 min,皂苷的提取得率达到22.3%。目标提取物经FT-IR、HPLC和1H NMR表征,确定其结构为常春藤皂苷元。

Saponins have the functions of detoxification, eliminating phlegm and anticancer etc. It is widely used in the field of medical and daily chemical products. The saponins yields were investigated by soxhlet extraction and microwave extraction based on the leaves of Sapindus. The resonable extraction technique was obtained. It is concluded that the suitable conditions of soxhlet extraction were 80 % ethanol as extractant, ratio of liquid to material 30：1 （g： g）, extraction temperature 95 ℃, extraction time 3 h x 2. The extraction yield was 21.7 %. The suitable conditions of microwave extraction were microwave power 300 W, extraction temperature 70 ℃, 90% ethanol as extractant, ratio of liquid to material 20： 1, extraction time 45 min. The extraction yield reached 22.3 %. The chemical structure of target extract was identified by FT-IR, HPLC and 1H NMR.