淮南潘三采煤塌陷区土壤的养分分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in Pansan Coal Mining Collapse Areas in Huainan

为给塌陷区土壤的管理和利用提供依据,也为实现塌陷区土壤可持续发展奠定基础,以淮南潘三矿采煤塌陷区为例,采用地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析地统计模块,对潘三塌陷区土壤的有机质、速效钾、全磷和全氮4种养分进行了空间变异特征分析。结果表明:研究区土壤样本呈正态分布,有机质、速效钾、全磷和全氮的平均含量分别为0.959 3g/kg、87.40mg/kg、326.11mg/kg和1 177.74mg/kg,变异系数分别为39.69%、28.73%、16.99%和17.47%,属中等变异程度。研究区土壤养分含量分布表现出沿塌陷水域周边向外围逐渐递减的变化趋势,这是受采煤活动和人为利用因素共同作用的结果。

In order to provide a reference for soil management and utilization and lay the foundation for realizing soil sustainable development in coal mining collapse areas, the author researched the spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients（including organic manure, available K, total P and total N） in Pansan coal mining collapse areas in Huainan by using spatial analyst statistic module of the geographic information system （GIS）. The results showed that the soil samples of study area were normally distributed. The average contents of SOM, AK, TP and TN each was 0. 959 3 g/kg, 87. 40 mg/kg, 326.11 mg/kg, 1 177. 74 mg/kg, with the variation coefficients of 39. 69%, 28. 73%, 16. 99% and 17.47%respectively（medium degree）. The content distribution of soil nutrients in the study area showed diminishing signs along the collapse waters to outside gradually which was synchronously affected by the coal mining and human using.