海水淡化后水质特征及对人体健康影响

Characteristics of Desalinated Seawater and its Effects on Human Health

目的讨论海水淡化水水质特征及对人体健康的影响,说明海水淡化水作为饮用水需要注意的问题。方法采用文献检索的方法,了解目前海水淡化的处理方法及水质特征,结合WHO饮用水指南和我国饮用水标准阐述淡化水的水质特征,淡化水的安全性和对输配水管网的影响。结果海水经淡化处理后,硬度和碱度降低,有较强的侵蚀性。同时钙、镁、氟等营养元素的含量也显著下降,硼和溴化物的水平较高。因为水处理工艺的不同,淡化水中还可能出现新的消毒副产物和其他污染物。结论我国现行的居民生活饮用水标准对于淡化水的适用性还需要进一步考察,应建立有效的监测系统,对淡化水的水质及其影响因素进行监测。

Objectives To investigate the characteristics of desalinated seawater and its impacts on human health as well as the potential problems of using desalinated seawater as drinking water. Method Relevant research works in our country and foreign countries were investigated by literature study. Results Desalinated seawater was low in hardness and alkalinity and high in boron and bromine. Nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, fluoride were significantly low. There might have new disinfection by-products and other pollutants due to different water treatments. Conclusions The applicability of current China Standards for Drinking Water Quality for desalinated seawater should be further investigated. Monitoring system should be established to study the water quality and its effect on human health.