2007-2011年内江市尘肺病流行病学调查

Epidemiological Survey of Pneumoconiosis in Neijiang,2007-2011

目的了解内江市2007-2011年尘肺患者的流行病学特征,为制定尘肺病防治对策提供科学依据。方法对2007-2011年内江市新发606例尘肺病例进行了分析。结果 2009-2010年发病病例数占2007-2011年5年发病总数的62.4%;尘肺患者主要集中在威远县,主要在煤炭和建材行业,分别占86.80%和4.79%;发病工种中矿山主要工种占尘肺患者总数的87%;尘肺病例中主要发病病种是煤工尘肺、矽肺,分别占尘肺患者总数的65.18%、31.68%;新发尘肺中I期尘肺患者最多,占尘肺患者总数的67.3%;接尘工龄<5年速发病例占15.2%;发病年龄主要集中在45～65岁人群;新发的606例病例中,合并肺结核的有13例,占总数的2.15%,各期合并肺结核差异无统计学意义。结论内江市三县两区中威远县发病最多,主要集中在煤炭行业,煤工尘肺和矽肺是主要病种;606例新发病例中I期患者最多,45～65岁是尘肺的高发年龄段,速发病例较多。因此,威远县是尘肺防治的重点监测地区,认真做好"八字"方针,有效控制尘肺病的发生。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Neijiang from 2007 to 2011 and to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention measures towards pneumoconiosis. Methods New cases of pneumoconiosis within 2007 -2011 in Neijiang were statistically analyzed. Results Cases within 2009 -2010 accounted for 62. 4% of the total, and the pneumoconiosis patients were mainly in Weiyuan county and mainly from the coal industry （86. 80% ） and building material industry （4.79%）. Mine worker was the main type of work among the on- set population, accounting for 87% of the total. Cases with pneumoeoniosis and silicosis accounted for 65.18% and 31.68% respectively. The first period of pneumoeoniosis took the majority of the new cases, accounting for 67.3%. Cases under 5 years＇exposure to dust took a proportion of 15.2%. The onset age mainly distributed in 45 - 65 years old. There were 13 cases complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis （2. 15% of the total cases）. Conclusion Coal in- dustry is the main epidemic focus of the pneumoconiosis cases, mainly in terms of pneumoeoniosis and silicosis; the first period patients are the major population of new cases ; age between 45 - 65 years old is the high occurrence period with relatively more rapid cases. Thus, pertinent measures should be timely taken towards vulnerable area, especially Weiyuan county.