顶棚装修材料对地下商业街火灾影响的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study on the Effect of Ceiling Decorative Materials on Underground Commercial Street Fires

地下商业街处于相对封闭的环境,在强制通风不利的情况下,内装修材料可燃性对火灾影响显得特别重要。应用FDS火灾模拟软件的大涡模拟(LES)模型,对分别采用木质、石膏板、PVC材质顶棚的地下商业街进行火灾模拟,重点讨论了不同顶棚材料对烟气温度、体积分数的影响。模拟结果表明,木质顶棚装修材料明显增加烟气体积分数、加速火灾轰然的形成。烟气蔓延速度快,烟气中CO最高浓度是其他两种材料的40倍,因此应限制地下商业街商户装修中使用木质顶棚材料。

Underground commercial streets are in a relatively closed environment, the flammability of interior decorative materials is particularly important in the case of unfavorable forced ventilation. FDS fire simulation software of large eddy simulation （LES） model is applied to simulate the wood, gypsum boards, PVC material ceiling of the underground business streets and the impact of different ceiling materials on flue gas temperature and volume fraction is discussed. The simulation results show that the wooden ceiling decoration materials can significantly increase flue gas volume fractionand accelerate fire crashing formation and that smoke spreads fast and the highest concentration of flue gas CO is 40 times that of the other two materials. Therefore, the use of wooden ceiling materials in the underground business street decoration should be restricted.