社区延续护理干预对哮喘患者生活质量和哮喘控制的影响

Effect of community-transitional care intervention to the quality of life and asthma control in patients with asthma

目的探讨延续护理干预措施对哮喘患者生活质量和哮喘控制的影响。方法将112例哮喘患者随机分为对照组55例,干预组57例,对照组接受常规护理干预,包括基本的健康教育、用药指导以及在紧急的情况下提供住院的绿色通道。干预组除了接受常规护理外,还接受社区延续护理干预措施,即出院前3 d,由病房护士提供出院前准备和干预,出院后由社区护士执行为期12周的随访。以健康知识问卷和健康行为问卷评价干预后3个月时两组患者的情况,以成人哮喘生命质量问卷(AQLQ)和哮喘控制测试(ACT)评价干预前和干预6个月时患者的生活质量和哮喘控制情况。结果干预后3个月时,干预组的健康知识知晓率和健康行为形成率优于对照组(P<0.01),干预6个月时,干预组的生活质量和哮喘控制情况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社区延续护理干预措施能明显提高哮喘患者生活质量,有效控制哮喘症状。

Objective To explore the effect of community-transitional care intervention to the quality of life and asthma control in patients with asthma.Methods 112 patients with asthma were randomly divided into the control group（55 patients） and the intervention group（57 patients）.The patients in control group were provided in regular nursing intervention,includ ing basic health education,medication guidance and providing green channel to be in hospital if in an emergency situation.In addition to regular nursing intervention group,the patients in intervention group were still provided to community-tran sitional care intervention measures,namely three days before discharge,the ward nurses provided discharge preparation,and after discharge the nurse in community executed a 12 weeks of follow-up.The health knowledge and the health behav ior of the two groups were evaluated.The quality of life and asthma control in patients with asthma before and after 6 months of intervention were evaluated by adult asthma in quality of life questionnaire（AQLQ） and asthma control test（ACT）.Results 3 months after intervention,the health knowledge and the health behavior rates in intervention group were better than that in control group（P0.01） After 6 months of intervention,the quality of life and asthma control in interven tion group were significantly better than that in control group,and the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion Community-transitional care intervention can obviously improve the quality of life in patients with asthma and control asthma symptoms effectively.