大型输水渠道分水口分水影响及调控原则研究

Influence and Principle of Water Division Operation of Flow Diversion Gate in Large Water Transfer Channel

分水口的分水调控对输水渠道的安全稳定运行具有重要影响.以南水北调中线工程总干渠作为研究对象,建立一维非恒定流数学模型,对典型分水口不同分水流量大小和操作方式下的渠道水力响应过程进行计算,得到相应的水位变化幅度和波动影响距离.结果表明,单步分水的水位变化速率快,波动影响距离大.同时从安全输水角度出发,为减小水位下降速率,提出了分水口进行分水时的最大分水流量变化范围和较优的分水完成方式等调控原则.研究成果对南水北调中线工程分水口的运行和管理具有参考价值.

Water division operation has great influence on the safety and stability of water transportation for water conveyance channel. A 1-D unsteady flow model was developed to study this problem in the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project （SNWTP）. Channel hydraulic responses were computed with different flow rates and operation modes, which was caused by water diversion operation of typical flow diversion gates. And the relevant variation amplitude and influence distance of water level fluctuation were got. The results showed that water level changed fast and influence distance of water level fluctuation was far in one-step water division simulation conditions. In order to reduce flow decrease rate, the biggest variation amplitude and a better operation method were proposed considering the safety of water transfer when dividing water by flow division gate. It can be a reference for the operation and control of flow diversion gates in the middle route of SNWTP.