论语气词“啊”在疑问句中的作用暨方法论的反思

The Function of Modal Particle “ A (啊)” in Interrogative Sentences and the Introspection of Relevant Methodology

文章通过语气词"啊"与"吗/吧/呢"的比较,"啊字是非问"与"语调是非问"以及"吗/吧字是非问"的比较,着重论证"啊"也具有承担疑问信息的重要作用;并借助语音实验手段,指出现代汉语里事实上存在着带降调的"啊"字是非问句。这就促使我们在方法论上进行必要的反思,即必须摒弃那种非此即彼的简单论证方法,要认识到疑问信息既可以由单一形式承担,也可以由复合形式承担,这可以用"桔子水理论"来进行解释。因此应该把"啊"跟"吗/吧/呢"一样看作多功能的语气词。换言之,"啊"也具有疑问语气词的功能。

By comparing the modal particle ＂a （啊）＂ with ＂ma/ba/ne （吗/吧/呢）＂, and the ＂a＂ yes-no question with tonal yes-no question and ＂ma/ba＂ yes-no question, this article reveals that an important function of ＂a＂ is to transmit query information. By means of audio experiment, we found that there exists a falling tone ＂a＂ yes-no question in modern Chinese, which makes us rethink pro- foundly about the methodology. We must get rid of the simple either-or methodology and realize that query information may not only be transmitted by single forms, but also by complex forms. Therefore, we must regard ＂a＂ as a multifunctional modal particle like ＂rna/ba/ne＂. In other words, the word ＂a＂ also has the function as an interrogative modal particle.