把字句的跨语言视角

The Chinese “Ba(把)” Construction: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective

文章从跨语言的视角,用句法语义方面的八个平行性表现,论证把字句与作格语言逆动句是同一种句法操作,即把动词的直接宾语变成间接宾语,属于语态现象,可以归入语言共性的行列。文章还解释了"施事主语把字句"、"高影响性说"以及"宾语的有定性对立"问题,从而统一了把字句的句法派生特点,厘清了与高及物性分析的区别,明确了跨语言的一些相关差异。

From a cross-linguistic perspective, the paper argues that the ＂ba（把）＂ construction in Modern Chinese and the antipassive construction in ergative languages are of the same syntactic operation, belonging to the universal category of grammatical voice, by demonstrating their eight syntactic and semantic similarities. To support this view, the paper also examines the construction with the socalled agentive subject after ＂ha＂, the strong affectedness of ＂ha＂ NPs, and the apparent inconsistency between the so-called definiteness requirement of the ＂ba＂ NP and the normal indefiniteness behavior of the oblique objects in antipassive constructions, and concludes that they are not problems for our treatment of ＂ha＂ sentences as antipassive in Mandarin Chinese.