空间条件对番茄诱变作用及遗传的影响

Effects of Space Conditions On Mutation and Inheritance of Tomato.

研究太空条件对番茄诱变作用及遗传的影响。方法利用返回式卫星搭载番茄干种子 ,返地后 ,观察空间条件对其植物学性状的变异。结果经卫星搭载回收后的种子初步研究表明 :SP1代发芽率比对照低 ,这种生理损伤在SP2代中得以恢复 ;经空间处理的番茄幼苗比对照强壮 ,植株高度明显增高个别株系也有降低的 ;番茄的同工酶谱带空间处理的比地面对照增多 ;在植株长势、抗性、产量等均出现了变异 ,并在后代中得以重演 ,经过几代田间观察及筛选 ,获得优良的番茄新品系TF873。结论太空条件可使农作物产生有利的变异 ,且为诱变育种开辟了一条新途径。

Objective To study the effects of space conditions on mutation and inheritance of tomato. Method Air dried seeds of tomato were carried by a satellite for 7～15 d.These seeds were planted after returning.The mutagenic effects of space conditions on some of their variations of the botanical characteistics were studied. Result Tomato dry seeds were carried to the outer space by satellite.After returned to the earth it was found that SP1 genoration was of their germination percentagelower than the control.This physilogical damage returned to normal in SP2 generation.Seeding isoenzyme,plant growth,resistance,and output,showed variation,and profitable variation had been expressed in later genorations .The characters were expressed in the progenies.By observation and screen,promising line of tomato TF873,was obtained. Conclusion It was suggested that space conditions induce profitable mutation of crop and it a possible way for plant mutation breeding.