计算机辅助处方评价系统的构建与应用

Development and application of computer-aided prescription evaluation system

目的:利用信息技术,建立动态处方数据库和计算机辅助处方评价系统,并应用该系统开展全样本动态处方评价和药物利用研究工作,加强处方动态监管,促进合理用药。方法:基于处方电子化和医院网络,建立包含药品类别、药品类型、通用名、药品商品名、是否特殊药品、药品费别、是否OTC、是否基本药物、药品剂型等信息的药品信息数据库;通过信息读取工具和药品配对工具将处方信息与药品信息进行关联,建立动态处方数据库;根据《处方管理办法》等要求,利用数据库软件开发计算机辅助处方评价系统。并利用该系统对我院2007–2011年的处方,对人工与电子点评对比、处方整体特征、不同类别药品消耗、不同费别患者处方特征几个方面进行研究。结果:处方评价系统能利用动态处方数据库进行全样本点评处方,真实反映我院处方的动态特征,可作为开展动态监测和超常预警的参考。结论:通过计算机辅助利用动态处方数据库进行处方点评,在保证处方点评抽样量、提高工作效率和准确性、保证监管及时性等方面具有一定优势。

Objective： To develop dynamic prescription database and computer-aided prescription evaluation system by use of information technology, on the basis of which We would evaluate prescriptions dynamically and carry out the research about drug utilization, in order to supervise prescriptions and promote rational use of drug. Methods： Based on the electronization of prescription and foundation of local area network in our hospital, the drug databases including the information of pharmacological classification, drug type, generic name, brand name, special drug, fee type of drugs, OTC, essential drug, dosage form, administration route and so on were established. And then, dynamic prescription databases were set up by connecting prescriptions and medicines using information reading tool and drug pairing tool. Finally, computer-aided prescription evaluation system was developed with database softwares such as Oracle, SQL Server, according to prescription administrative policy. By use of this system, the out-patient prescriptions from 2007 to 2011 in our hospital were analyzed in terms of comparing the evaluation effects between manpower and computer-aided methods, the whole characteristics of prescriptions, consumption of various pharmacological classification drugs and the characteristics of prescriptions according to fee types of patients. Results： The prescription evaluation system could be used for evaluating prescriptions using dynamic prescription database. The evaluating results could describe factually the dynamic characteristic of prescribing behavior of physicians in our hospital, and would be important reference for dynamic monitoring and supernormal warning. Conclusion： Using dynamic prescription database and computer-aided prescription evaluation system to evaluate prescriptions had the advantage on ensuring the sample amount of prescription evaluation, improving the efficiency and accuracy and ensuring the timeliness of administration.