中国人乳突管（道）的螺旋CT观测

Spiral CT Anatomy of the Mastoid Canals （Tunnels） in Temporal Bones

目的：探讨乳突管（道）在中国人中的检出率及其CT解剖特点。方法：收集了1074例颞骨CT资料，在横断位及三维重建图上观察乳突管（道）的检出率、长度、直径、形态及其在颅板的开口情况。结果：1074例中有880例出现乳突管（道），检出率81．94％。男性乳突管（道）检出率80．94％（497／614），女性乳突管（道）检出率83．26％（383／460），两者比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。2148侧乳突中1437侧出现乳突管（道），检出率66．90％。右侧乳突管（道）检出率70．11％（753／1074），左侧乳突管（道）检出率63．69％（684／1074），右侧高于左侧（P〈0．05）。在CT图片上（横断位和／或三维重建图）观察，乳突管（道）可呈现5种不同的形态：单管型、盲管型、“Y”字型、浅凹或凹槽型、双管型。结论：中国人乳突管（道）检出率较高。乳突区CT检查能有效显示乳突孔及乳突管（道），并能显示乳突管（道）的不同形态和开口位置，为该区手术入路或开窗暴露提供准确、直观的术前评估。

Objective： To study the frequency and the characteristic of CT anatomy of mastoid canals in Chinese people. Methods：To analyze the CT images of 1 074 Chinese temporal bones , to observe the frequen- cy, length, diameter, shape and the opening of the mastoid canals （tunnels） on the skulls. Results ：The mas- toid canals （tunnels） were present in 81.94% of the total 1 074 cases （880/1 074） observed either bilaterally or unilaterally. Their frequency was more in females （83.26%） than in males （80.94%）. A total of 1 437 mastoid regions with the mastoid canals （tunnels） were observed in 2 148 mastoid regions, the frequency was 66.90%. The mastoid canals （tunnels） were present in 70. 11% on right side, and 63.69% on left side. There were five kinds of shape of the mastoid canals （tunnels） observed on CT anatomy： Single - tube, Blind tube,＂ Y＂ tube, groove and double - tube. Conclusions ：The frequency of mastoid canals （tunnels） is high in Chinese people. The foramen mastoideum, the mastoid canals （tunnels） and it＇ s shape and opening on the skull can be displayed in CT imaging. CT examination can provide accurate, intuitive preoperative assessment for approach operating and fenestration in mastoid.