幼年大鼠阿霉素肾病模型的复制

The Model of Nephritic Young Rats Induced by Adriamycin

目的:复制幼年大鼠阿霉素肾病模型,以期有助于研究儿童微小病变型肾病综合征的发病机制,预防肾小球硬化的发生。方法:给予4～5周龄SD雄性大鼠一次性尾静脉注射阿霉素6.5mg/kg体重,复制阿霉素肾病模型。动态观察24h尿蛋白定量、血清生化指标和病理形态学的变化。结果:与对照组比较,模型组大鼠从第2周开始出现大量蛋白尿、低白蛋白血症和高脂血症(均P<0.01),从第4周开始出现水肿,一直持续到第12周试验结束。第4周前,模型组大鼠光镜下肾小球形态正常,透射电镜显示模型组大鼠第2周时足突轻度融合,第4周时足突弥漫性融合、消失,第8周光镜下可见肾小球局灶节段性硬化,电镜下肾小球基底膜局部增厚,第12周时肾小球硬化的表现进一步加重。结论:本模型早期呈现微小病变型肾病综合征的表现,后期出现肾小球局灶节段性硬化,提示幼年大鼠阿霉素肾病模型复制成功。

Objective： To duplicate the model of nephritic young rats induced by adriamycin, which is help to study the pa- thogeny of minimal change nephrotic syndrome（MCNS） in children, and to prevent glomerular sclerosis. Methods：The quantitation of proteinuria in 24 hours, the indexes of serum biochemical and the changes of pathomorphology were dynamically observed after a single tail intravenous injection of adriamycin （ 6.5 mg/kg） into 4 - 5 weeks old male Sprague - Dawley rats. Results： After the adria- mycin injection, heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, hypedipemia were observed at 2nd week and persisted to 12th week （P 〈 0.01, respectively）, accompanied with oedema from 4th week. In adriamycin injection group, the foot processes confluensed lightly at 2nd week, and the diffuse fusion and effacement of foot processes were observed at 4th week, although, the morphology of glomeruli under light microscope was normal at 2nd and the 4th week, respectively. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis（FSGS） emerged from 8th week, with partly thickening of glomerular basement membrane, and these morphology manifestations aggravated at 12th week. Conclusion：The presentations of MCNS in the early phase and FSGS in the later phase indicated the successful duplication of adria- mycin -induced nephrotic model in young rats.