南方冬种马铃薯黑地膜夹层覆盖栽培技术

Black Plastic Film Mulching Cultivation Technique with Sandwich Model for Winter Potato Planting in Southern China

通过试验探索及结合群众实践,总结出由常规方法改进而来的南方冬种马铃薯黑膜夹层覆盖栽培技术。该技术既保留常规地膜覆盖栽培的主要优点,又免除了破膜引苗工序,还能有效避免高温烂种和烧苗缺苗的缺点,防除畦面杂草、防青头薯效果更好,5 620 hm2最高产量51.36 t/hm2,平均产量35.46 t/hm2,比露地种植增产17.90%,节省人工42工日/hm2。

A black plastic film mulching cultivation technique with sandwich model, in which the plastic film was centered in the ridge with a layer of soil on the top, was proposed for growing winter potato in southern China based on experimentation combined with farmers practice. This technique, while retaining key benefits of conventional plastic film mulching cultivation, could avoid seed decay due to high temperature, leave the tedious work for rupture of the film for seedling getting out, controU weeds easily, and prevent the tuber from greening. Totally, 5 620 ha of winter potato were grown using this technique and the highest yield per unit area was 51.36 t/ha, with an average of 35.46 t/ha, increasing by 17.90% and also saving 42 man-days/ha when compared with open filed cultivation.