核桃内生真菌对几种致病菌的拮抗试验研究

Antagonistic Test of Endophytic Fungi of Walnuts Against Several Pathogenic Bacteria

用25种核桃内生真菌,分别与玉米小斑、小麦赤霉、番茄灰霉病原菌进行两点对峙培养拮抗实验,结果表明:23种核桃内生菌抑菌活性对玉米小斑病病原菌极强者5属,对小麦赤霉病病原菌极强者1属,对番茄灰霉病病原菌没有极强者。小卵孢霉对玉米小斑病、小麦赤霉病和蕃茄灰霉病病原菌的抑菌活性都极强,可以初步作为防治这3种作物病害的生物源农药首选菌种;单孢枝霉对该3种病原菌的抑菌活性强,壳大卵孢霉对小麦赤霉病和蕃茄灰霉病病病原菌,粘盘孢属对玉米小斑病和蕃茄灰霉病病原菌抑菌活性强,单孢枝霉、壳大卵孢霉和粘盘孢属也可以作为防治这3种作物病原菌的优选菌株。

25 walnut endophytic fungi were applied for antagonism test ＇resisting, respectively, patho- gens of Bipolaris rnaydis , Fusarium graminearum , and Botrytis cinerea Pets. The results showed that 5 genera had strong resistance on Bipolaris maydis, 1genus had very strong resistance on Fusarium graminearum and none for t Botrytis cinerea Pets. Spore mould of small egg had strong antibacterial activity to Bipolaris maydis, Fusctrium graminearurn, Botrytis cinerea Pets pathogens. It could be applied as the germ source of germicide. Hormodenclrum performed well in inhibiting the activities of three pathogens. Acrernoniurn Sphaeropsis has strong inhibition to the activities of Bipolaris maydis, Fusariurn graminearum pathogens Myxosporium Link ex Corda spore genera well inhibited the activi- ties of Fusarium graminearurn, and Botrytis cinerea Pets. Myxosprorium only performed well in in- hibiting the activities of Bipolaris maydis and Botrytis cinerea Pets. The three endophytic fungi would be selected as the strains for control of the three crop diseases pathogens.