临海市2010-2011年手足口病病原学监测结果分析

Etiological analysis of HFMD in Linhai in 2010-2011

目的了解浙江省临海市2010-2011年手足口病主要病原体型别及分布特征,为手足口病的防控提供病原学依据。方法采用实时荧光RT-PCR方法,对哨点医院定期采集的临床诊断病例样本进行肠道病毒(EV)核酸检测和型别鉴定。结果共采集咽拭子样本157份,检出112例EV阳性病例,阳性率为71.34%;其中EV71阳性病例28例,CoxA16阳性病例33例,分别占EV阳性病例的25.00%、29.46%;5岁以下儿童EV感染占所有感染者的95.54%;2010年和2011年儿童EV71和CoxA16阳性率分别为17.44%、24.42%和18.31%、16.90%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);男性病例EV阳性检出率高于女性病例(P<0.05);重症病例EV71阳性检出率为100%。2010-2011年病原构成呈动态变化特征。结论引起临海市手足口病的主要病原体为EV71和CoxA16;5岁以下儿童是EV感染的高危人群;EV71是引起重症病例的主要病原体。

Objective To understand the etiological features of HFMD in Linhai from 2010 to 2011.Methods Throat-swab specimens collected periodically from clinically diagnosed HFMD cases in sentinel hospitals were tested for enterovirus（EV）RNA by real-time RT-PCR.Results Out of 157 specimens tested,112 were EV positive with the positive rate of 71.34%.Among those positive samples,there were 28 found to be EV71 positive（25.89%）and 33 to be coxA16 positive（29.46%）.Most of HFMD patients were under the age of 5,which accounted for 95.54% cases.The positive rates of EV71 and coxA16 were 17.44% and 24.42% in 2010 and 18.31% and 16.90% in 2011 with no significant differences between 2010 abd 2011.Also the positive rate of EV was higher among male cases compared to that of female ones.Severe cases were all EV positive.A typical dynamic change of etiological feature was spotted from 2010 to 2011.Conclusions EV71 and coxA16 were the major pathogens of HFMD in Linhai city.Children under 5 were more vulnerable to EV infection.EV71 was the major pathogen of severe HFMD.