强电磁辐射对暴露人群健康的影响

EFFECT OF HIGH INTENSITY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON THE HEALTH OF EXPOSED POPULATION

目的通过现场调查,探讨电磁辐射对某部队作业人群健康的影响,为该人群健康促进策略及措施的制定提供依据。方法采用微波漏能仪测定作业环境的微波平均功率密度;以微波辐射强度为指示,监测该军事作业环境的电磁辐射强度;对观察人群进行常规体格检查;以作业环境暴露和作业任务为依据,分为暴露组(n=117)和非暴露组(n=123),对比分析2组人群的体检数据。结果不同作业环境中微波平均功率密度为3.30～193.70μW/cm2,多数作业区微波强度超卫生标准2倍以上;在强电磁辐射暴露组健康查体指标中,心电图异常率为15.4%、血常规异常率为39.3%,均明显高于对照组(分别为5.7%和20.3%)。结论该军事作业环境电磁辐射较强,对作业人员身体健康已产生一定影响,应采取有效的防护措施。

Objective To study the health characteristics of the work population in an army who were exposed to high intensity electromagnetic radiation in order to provide the data for working out strategy and measures of health promotion.Methods A total of 240 subjects（exposed group,n=117;non-exposed group,n=123）were observed by routine physical examination,and the data were analysed.The microwave leakage detector was used to monitor the microwave radiation intensity in military work environment.Results In different work environment,the average microwave power density was about 3.30~193.70 μW/cm2.Most the of microwave intensity were about 2 times higher than the health standard.In the exposed group,the abnormal rate of electrocardiogram was 15.4%,and of blood routine test 39.3%,which were obviously higher than control group（5.7%,20.3% respectively）.Conclusion High intensity electromagnetic radiation has certain adverse effects on the health in exposed population.The protective measures in view of electromagnetic radiation should be strengthened.