槲皮素对大鼠实验性高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症作用的研究

Effects of quercetin on hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats

目的探讨槲皮素对大鼠高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症的治疗作用。方法成年雄性自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）高糖高脂饲料喂养4周后，给予小剂量链脲霉素（streptozotocin，STZ）35mg／kg腹腔注射诱导高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症大鼠模型，以基础饲料喂养的Wistar大鼠作为正常对照。将成模的大鼠随机分成模型组、卡托普利组（CAP组）、槲皮素组（QE组），继续喂以高糖高脂饲料，并给予相应的药物治疗，8周后测定大鼠血压、血糖、胆固醇、血脂、肾脏指数（RI）、尿素氮（BUN）及血肌酐（cr）。结果造模结果：模型组和槲皮素组、卡托普利组大鼠的血压、空腹血糖、总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）、RI、BUN及Cr均较正常组升高（P〈0．01），而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL—C）水平下降（P〈0．01）。治疗结果：与模型组相比，卡托普利组大鼠的血压、Cr下降（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），血糖、TC、TG、HDL—C、LDL—C、RI、BUN差异均无统计学意义；与模型组相比，槲皮素组的血压、空腹血糖、TC、TG、LDL—C、RI、BUN及Cr显著下降（P〈0．05或P〈0．01），HDL—C水平升高（P〈0．05）。结论卡托普利和槲皮素均能够降低高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症大鼠的血压，槲皮素还能降低其血糖、血脂，且槲皮素改善高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症大鼠肾功能损伤的作用优于卡托普利。

Objective To observe the preventive and therapeutic effects of quercetin on hypertension, hyperglyce- mia and hypercholesterolemia in rats. Methods Adult spontaneously hypertensive male rats were fed high -fat and high - sugar diet for four weeks, and then received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin once in a dose of 35 mg/kg to in- duce the model of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia. Meanwhile, Wistar rats fed normal diet were set as control group. The model rats were randomly divided into 3 groups： model group, captopril group （CAP） , querce- tin group （QE）. Every group was fed high - fat and high - sugar diet and treated for 8 weeks. After treatment, blood samples were collected. Blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol （TC）, triglyeride （TG）, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （ LDL - C ）, high density lipoprotein cholesterol （ HDL - C ）, kidney index （ RI ）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN）, creatinine （Cr） were measured. Results Compared with normal control groups, blood pressure, blood glu- cose, total cholesterol, triglyeride, LDL - C were significantly increased and HDL - C were decreased in three groups of model rats （P 〈0.01 ）. Compared with the model group, blood pressure, Cr in CAP rats were significantly lower （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈0.01 ） ; blood pressure, blood glucose, TC, TG, LDL - C, RI, BUN and Cr in QE rats were significantly reduced （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ） ; HDL - C level in QE rats was significantly higher （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The re- sults suggest that effects of quereetin are better on hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia in rats than cap- topril.