高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症大鼠早期肾损害模型的建立

Establishment of early renal injury model in hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia rats

目的应用白发性高血压大鼠（SHR）建立高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症大鼠早期肾损害模型。方法雄性SHR高糖高脂饲料喂养4周后，给予小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ，35mg·kg-1）腹腔注射，继续喂以高糖高脂饲料8周后，测定大鼠血压、血糖、血脂、肾脏指数、尿微量白蛋白、血肌酐及尿素氮，同时观察肾脏组织的病理学改变。以雄性Wistar大鼠基础饲料喂养为正常对照。结果与对照组相比，模型组大鼠舒张压、收缩压、空腹血糖、血脂均显著升高，肾脏指数、尿微量白蛋白、血肌酐及尿素氮显著增加，肾脏组织’肾小球基底膜增厚、系膜增生、PAS阳性红染显著增多。结论在SHR高血压的基础上，高糖高脂饲料喂养，再辅以小剂量STZ一次性腹腔注射，可成功建立高血压、高血糖合并高脂血症大鼠早期肾损害模型。

Objective To establishment a model of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia with ear- ly renal injury on spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHR）. Methods Adult male SHR were fed high -fat and high - sugar diet for four weeks, and then received intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin once in a dose of 35 mg/kg. After 8 weeks, blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyeride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol （ LDL - C） , high density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL- C）, kidney index, microalbuminuria, creatinine （Cr）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN） were measured, and the pathological changes of the kidney tissue were observed by light microscope. Meanwhile, Wistar rats fed with normal diet were set as control group. Results Comparied with normal control group, blood pres- sure, blood glucose, HbAIC, total cholesterol, triglyeride, LDL- C, microalbuminuria, Cr, BUN were significantly in- creased in model rats. Moreover, the light microphotograph showed that the thickness of glomerular base membrane and mesangium hyperplasia of kidney cortex in model rats were increased significantly. Conclusion A rat model is success- fully established, which presents typical features of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia with early renal injury.