某肿瘤医院护理人员锐器伤干预效果评价

Evaluation of intervention effect of sharp injury among nurses in a tumor hospital

目的了解江苏省肿瘤医院护理人员锐器伤的发生情况和锐器伤相关知识、态度及行为(KAP)情况,并对其进行锐器伤宣传教育,评价干预效果,为锐器伤相关教育提供理论依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法对该医院所有护理人员进行锐器伤相关KAP调查,进行锐器伤相关知识的宣教,综合干预后再次进行所有护理人员的KAP调查。结果干预前后护理人员锐器伤的年发生率分别为36.96%、8.78%(χ2=77.339,P<0.01);干预前后护理人员对锐器伤的认知有所改变,对标准防护的知晓情况(P<0.01)、锐器伤是否可以避免(P<0.01)、注射时是否需要每次都戴手套(P<0.01)相关知识的认知程度得到提高;干预后调查对象对锐器伤的态度有所重视,如锐器伤上报的必要性(P<0.01),科室注射器的相关处理是否合格(P<0.01)。干预前后护理人员的行为上有改善,如打开玻璃安瓿时是否用纱布包裹(P<0.01,侵袭性操作时是否戴手套(P<0.01),是否关注护理对象传染病检测报告(P<0.01)。结论该研究采用的干预方法能较好地改善该院护理人员锐器伤的KAP情况,降低锐器伤的发生。

[Objective]To explore the sharp injury-related knowledge,attitude and practice（KAP） of the nurses in Jiangsu Cancer Hospital,to carry out publicity and education of sharp injury prevention,to evaluate its intervention effect,and provide theoretical foundation for sharp injury-related education.[Methods]All nurses in this hospital were investigated sharp injury-related KAP through cluster sampling method,and then educated sharp injury-related knowledge.After intervention,KAP investigation was repeated.[Results]The incidence rate of sharp injury was 36.96% before intervention,and 8.78% after intervention（χ2=77.339,P0.01）.Due to the intervention about sharp injury,the knowledge level of nurses was improved about the awareness on the fields of the standard precautions（P0.01）,whether the sharp injury could be avoided（P0.01）,whether was it necessary to wear gloves each time for injection（P0.01）.The attitude about the sharp injury was also improved,for example,the importance for reporting the sharp injury（P0.01）,whether the syringes were qualified（P0.01）.The behavior of nurses was improved after intervention,such as whether wrapped with gauze when opening the glass ampoule（P0.01）,whether was it necessary to wear gloves in invasive operation（P0.01）,whether they concerned about the patients＇ infectious disease report（P0.01）.[Conclusion]The approach of intervention for the nurses in this hospital is effective,it can improve the sharp injury-related KAP of the nurses and reduce the occurrence of sharp injury.