军校学员训练损伤的心理因素分析

Analysis on psychological factors of training injury in military students

目的通过了解某军校学员训练损伤的心理因素,为学员心理教育的针对性提供依据。方法使用SCL-90问卷和状态焦虑-特质焦虑问卷和自编基本情况调查表对632名大四学员进行调查分析,通过频数分析和独立样本t检验,探讨学员训练损伤的心理因素。结果在调查群体中,89.7%的学员受过伤,学员在毕业体能联考训练期间受伤比例最高(39.6%),在受伤科目上,主要集中在体能(74.7%)和战术(33.2%)上。在受伤部位上,主要集中在踝关节(55.7%)和小腿(35.1%)。在受伤原因上,主要的原因是疲劳(38.1%),受伤学员的躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性和其他等因子的得分明显高于没有受过伤的学员(P<0.05或P<0.01);感到身体疲劳的学员在躯体化、强迫、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病因子上的得分显著高于没有身体疲劳感的学员(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论应加强军校学员在体能联考期间的心理辅导,减少训练损伤的发生。

[Objective]To understand the psychological factors of training injury in students of a military academy,provide the basis for psychological education among military students.[Methods]632 military students in Grade 4 were investigated and analyzed by SCL-90,State-Trait Anxiety Inventory（STAI） and self-designed basic information questionnaire.The frequency analysis and independent sample t Test were applied to explore the psychological factors of training injury in military students.[Results]89.7% of students had have injury in the training,and the highest proportion occurred in the period of the physical capability exam for finish school（39.6%）.The main subjects of likely to be hurt were the physical capability（74.7%） and tactics（33.2%）.Most of injuries occurred on ankle（55.7%） and lower legs（35.1%）.The main reason was physical fatigue（38.1%）.The scores of somatization,obsession,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror,paranoid ideation,psychotic disorder and other factors in students who have injury were significantly higher than those in students without injury（P0.05 or P0.01）.The scores of somatization,obsession,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoid ideation and psychotic factors in students who felt fatigue were significantly higher than those in students without fatigue（P0.05 or P0.01）.[Conclusion]It is necessary to reinforce the psychological counseling in military students during the period of the physical capability exam,so as to reduce the training injury.