作业环境中苯系物的防护干预效果评价

Evaluation on protection effect against benzene series in operating environment

目的了解和改善印刷业和制鞋业等作业环境中的苯系物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯)浓度对作业人员的影响。方法对2008年上海市奉贤区进行作业环境苯系物检测的企业,通过分层整群抽样方法,选择其中的6家企业及接触苯系物的作业人员作为干预对象,分别进行防护设施改进、加强个人防护和职业卫生知识培训等干预措施,并对干预措施实施前后测定车间环境中苯系物浓度和进行作业人员职业健康检查。结果 6家企业干预后车间环境监测点的苯系物浓度有明显的降低(P<0.01),125名作业人员的血常规各项指标的均值有不同程度的升高(P<0.01)。结论改善作业人员劳动条件,加强职业卫生防护措施的投入以及职业卫生管理可以有效地减少作业环境中苯系物浓度对作业人员的不良影响,对苯系物引起的急、慢性苯中毒的预防和提高作业人员自我保护意识具有指导意义。

[Objective]To understand and improve the benzene series（benzene,toluene,xylene） concentration in printing and shoemaking industry on the impact of workers in operating environment.[Methods]A total of 6 enterprises,which had been detected benzene operating environment in Fengxian District in 2008,were selected as intervention objects by stratified cluster sampling method,as well as workers with exposure.Intervention measures such as protective facility improvements,individual protection enhancement,occupational health training were performed,as well as benzene series concentration determination in operating environment and occupational health examination on workers before and after intervention.[Results] Benzene series concentration was significantly decreased in monitoring points of 6 enterprises（P0.01）,and routine blood indicators of 125 workers were increased with different degrees（P0.01）.[Conclusion]Working conditions improvement,increasing investment in occupational health protection measures and occupational health management can effectively decrease the adverse effect of benzene series on workers＇ health which possesses significance in guiding prevention of acute and chronic benzene poisoning and self-protection awareness improvement on workers.