中老年急性心肌梗死发病的危险因素

Risk factors of acute myocardial infarction in middle and old age people

目的探讨中老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)的主要危险因素,为三级预防AMI提供临床流行病学依据。方法采用1∶1配比病例对照研究法,135例AMI患者作为病例组和135例非心血管疾病患者作为对照组,分别进行问卷调查研究。结果肥胖(OR=2.081)、吸烟(OR=2.316)、饮酒(OR=2.609)、咸菜(OR=1.923)、冠心病家族史(OR=4.787)、高血压史(OR=2.136)、缺乏锻炼(OR=1.687)是发生AMI的危险因素。结论急性AMI的主要危险因素包含遗传因素、不良生活习惯、高血压、肥胖等,应针对这些因素进行早期三级有效预防。

[ Objective ] To explore the main risk factors of acute myocardial infarction （AMI） in middle and old age people, provide the epidemiological basis for tertiary prevention of AMI. [ Methods ] With 1 ： 1 matched case-control study method, 135 AMI pa- tients were collected for the case group and 135 patients with non-cardiovascular diseases were collected for the control group, and a questionnaire survey was conducted. [ Results] The risk factors of AMI included obesity （ OR = 2. 081 ） , smoking （ OR = 2. 316 ）, drinking （ OR = 2. 609 ）, brined vegetable （ OR = 1. 923 ）, family history of coronary artery disease （ OR = 4. 787 ）, history of hy- pertension （ OR = 2. 136 ） and lack of exercise（ OR = 1. 687 ）. [ Conclusion] The main risk factors leading to AMI are genetic fac- tors, bad living habit, hypertension and obesity, so it is necessary to carry out the early tertiary prevention according to these fac- tors.