Orem护理程序在女性首发精神分裂症患者中的应用

Application of Orem care program in female patients with first-episode schizophrenia

目的探讨Orem护理程序在女性首发精神分裂症患者中的应用效果。方法将116例首发女性精神分裂症患者按入院时间先后顺序随机分为研究组（n=58）和对照组（n=58），两组各有3例因提前出院而脱落。对照组采用常规护理；研究组在常规护理的基础上应用Orem护理程序进行干预。在人院时及护理干预4周后采用日常生活活动量表（Barthel指数）及护士用住院患者观察量表（NOSIE）分别评测1次，观察各量表因子分的变化情况。结果入院时两组患者Barthel指数及NOSIE各因子问差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；经过4周护理干预，各因子分均有所改善。研究组Barthel指数评分为（89．28±10．43）分，对照组为（68．83±11．42）分，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=9．806，P〈0．01）；研究组NOSIE评分社会能力、社会兴趣、激惹、抑郁等因子分分别为（30．46±10．78），（50．12±10．37），（9．97±6．73），（5．20±4．04）分，对照组分别为（25．14±8．77），（24．55±6．79），（14．32±8，41），（7．14±4．27）分，两组间比较差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2．839，3．333，2．995，2．448；P均〈0．05）。结论Orem护理程序能明显改善女性首发精神分裂症患者的自理能力，促进其社会功能的恢复。

Objective To explore the effect of Orem care program on the female patients with first- episode schizophrenia. Methods 116 female patients with first-episode schizophrenia were randomly divided into the observation group （ n = 58 ） and the control group （ n = 55 ）. The control group received conventional nursing while the observation group used Orem care program to intervene in addition. The factors in Barthel index and NOSIE when patients were admitted into hospital and 4 weeks after nursing intervention were compared between two groups. Results There was no difference in the Barthel index and NOSIE between two groups on admission （P 〉 0.05 ） , but after 4 weeks of nursing intervention, the factors had improved. Barthel index was （89.28 ± 10.43 ） in the observation group and （68.83 ± 11.42） in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = 9. 806, P 〈 0.01 ）. The factors in NOSIE including social competence, social interest, irritation and depression were respectively （30.46 ± 10.78 ）, （30.12 ± 10.37）, （9.97± 6.73 ） and （5.20 ±4.04） in the observation group, and （25.14 ± 8.77 ）, （ 24.55 ± 6.79）, （ 14.32± 8.41 ） and（ 7.14 ± 4.27） in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （ t = 2. 839,3. 333,2. 995,2. 448, respectively;P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Orem care program can effectively improve the self - care ability of female patients with first-episode schizophrenia and promote their recovery of social function.