道教在明代永顺土司的兴盛及成因

A Study on Taoism's Flourishing in Yongshun under the Tusi System in the Ming Dynasty and Its Reasons

明代是永顺土司极力崇道可以从广建道教庙宇、在名字中添加具有道教因素的字号和道号、丧葬习俗以及民间传说等方面得以表现。究其原因,这与明代统治者尊崇道教、永顺土司区浓厚的"巫"文化传统和永顺土司短命的社会现实等背景紧密关联。在上述诸多因素的综合作用下,促使道教在永顺土司区的兴盛,使其成为永顺土司彭氏家族赖以维系的一个重要的社会行为,维护了永顺土司统治政权的稳固。

Taoism in Yongshun reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty when Yongshun was under the Tusi system. Tusi （chieftains） advocated Taoism, which could be proved by the great number of Taoist temples built at that time, characters and symbols with Taoist meaning in names, unique funeral customs and folk tales. This could be associated with the worship of Taosim among the ruling class in the Ming Dynasty, traditional ＂witch＂ culture in Tusi-ruled areas in Yongshun and the cruel reality of short life expectancy. For the above reasons, Taoism flourished in the Tusi-ruled area in Yongshun. Taoism thus be- came an important social behavior by which the Pengs, a Tusi clan, safeguarded their reign.