预防ICU患者误吸的集束化护理内容的构建

Construction of bundle nursing system to prevent aspiration in ICU patients

目的建立一套科学、实用、全面的预防ICU患者误吸的集束化护理体系。方法拟定预防ICU患者误吸的集束化护理服务内容，采用Delphi法对护理专家进行两轮问卷咨询。结果经过两轮专家咨询，最终确立了预防ICU患者误吸的集束化护理内容，包括体位管理、气道管理、营养支持、镇静管理、口腔护理5个一级指标，共31个二级指标条目。各指标的重要性评分为4．16～4．92分，两轮专家的权威程度均为0．88，专家意见的变异系数均≤0．20。结论采用Delphi法构建预防ICU患者误吸的集束化护理体系，专家对指标评价结果的意见一致程度较高，显示指标体系的可信度较高，可为指导ICU临床护理工作提供参考。

Objective To build a scientific, practical and comprehensive bundle nursing system for preventing aspiration in ICU patients. Methods The contents of bundle nursing for preventing aspiration in ICU patients were drawn up, and Delphi method was used to conduct 2 rounds of questionnaire consulting with nursing experts. Results After 2 rounds of expert consulting, the contents of bundle nursing fur preventing aspiration in ICU patients were confirmed, including 5 Level 1 indexes （ position management, air passage management, nutrition support, sedation management and mouth care ）, and 31 Level 2 indexes. Important rating for each index was 4.16 - 4.92, authority degrees of experts in 2 rounds of consulting were both O. 88, and the coefficient of variation was no more than 0.20. Conclusions Bundle nursing system constructed by Delphi method to prevent aspiration in ICU patients has high reliability, thus can be used to provide references for clinical nursing in ICU.