论两汉易学的形成、源流及其特征

On the Formation, Origion and Characteristics of Han Commentaries on Zhouyi

本文详细地阐明了两汉易学形成的原因、学派及其特征。指出政治上的需要、统治者的扶植和功利所使是两汉象数易学产生的外因，易学发展的需求是其内因。从其渊源言之，两汉易学传自田何，因何传自孔子。经田何几传，汉初形成了施、孟、梁丘、京氏四家，加上民间费、高两家，共六家，其中孟、京两家易学是其主流。东汉易学师承西汉，以费氏易为主。两汉易学有四大特点，即笃守师说，崇尚象数，资取科学，杂糅神学，这四点与其它时期的易学形成了鲜明的对比，其学术上利弊也极为明显。

The causes of formation, schools of thought and the characteristics of the researches on I-CHING in the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties are expounded in details in the essay. It is also pointed out that it was the political needs,The rulers' support and the pursue of material gain that brought about Xiang Shu Yi Xue(literally, researches on I-CHING of the Symbol & number school),as its external cause, and the demand for development as its internal cause. As for its origin,The study of I-Ching in the Western and Eastern Han Dynasties came from Tianhe, who inherited I-CHING from Confucius, and then passed on to Shi, Meng, Liangqiu and Jing Fang as well as Fei and Gao schools among the people, altogether six families. Being disciples of the Western Han's scholars, the East Han scholars on I-CHING continued its study with Fei's style as its representative. There are four outstanding characteristics about the study of I-Ching in two Han Dynasties. They are sticking to the original, upholding Xiang Shu, absorbing scientific materials and mixing with theology. These form the sharp contrast with other periods. And the advantages and disadvantages of systematic learning were also much obvious.