论美国城市的定居救助之家运动

On the Settlement House Movement in Urban America

１９世纪末至２０世纪初期，面对美国城市社会贫困形势的日益恶化和外国移民贫民区在美国大城市中的涌现，一批出身美国本土白人新教徒中产阶级家庭的青年大学毕业生，志愿深入到城市贫民区开办定居救助之家，开展对穷人的帮教活动，并积极进行社会调查，争取社会进步立法，这就是历史上美国城市的定居救助之家运动。该运动的开展不仅直接帮助了一部分穷人走出贫困生活，尤其是帮助了一部分贫穷儿童的成长，而且揭开了美国进步运动的序幕，推动了社会进步。

In the late 19th century and early 20th century, groups of native white American college graduates came to urban slums to establish the Settlement House to help the poor, later known as the Settlement House Movement. In this essay, the author analyzes this movement's rise and fall, its participants' activities and contributions to social development.