犹太古典戏剧《领出去》初识

First Survey on the Jewish Classical Drama Leading Out

国内学术界迄今认为，犹太古典文学中没有真正意义上的即适合舞台演出的戏剧。然而事实并非如此。本文首次对一部犹太古典戏剧《领出去》予以评介，认为这是一部雄浑、悲壮、自豪而充满自信的历史剧，它艺术地展现了以色列人出埃及事件的历史意义；其戏剧艺术主要得益于典范的古希腊戏剧，尤其是雅典的悲剧，剧作家以西结有意识地遵循舞台演出原则，把《出埃及记》中一些无法搬上舞台的叙述性语言转换成人物独白或对话，在幕、场的设置，诗韵的运用等方面对古希腊戏剧既极为模仿又有所突破，大体做到了“犹太躯体与希腊服饰”的合一。

Up to now Chinese scholars have held that there is no true drama which is suitable for performing on the stage in the Jewish classical literature. But this is not the fact. This article reviews a Jewish classical drama Leading Out for the first time, and concludes that it is a powerful, stirring and profound Greek classical dramas, especially Athenian tragedies. The dramatist Ezekiel intentionally complied with the stage rules, changed the narra- tive prose of the Exodus to monologue or dialogue, overstepped Greek classical tragedies as well as vigorously imitated them in some respects such as arranging arts and scenes, using thyme scheme, etc. He roughly accomplished the union of 'Jewish body and Greek dress'.