三七不同药用部位及规格所含皂苷总量比较

Content Comparison of Saponins in Different Medicinal Parts and Specifications of Notoginseng

目的:改进《中华人民共和国药典》2010版一部(以下简称《药典》)中三七"含量测定"项"供试品溶液的制备"方法,比较三七不同药用部位和不同规格3种皂苷的含量。方法:供试品采用石油醚脱脂、正丁醇提取3种皂苷;对三七不同药用部位(主根、剪口、筋条和绒根)及不同规格(40头、80头、120头、200头、无数头)3种皂苷含量进行测定。结果:改进方法可对3种皂苷成分进行有效提取;三七不同药用部位含3种皂苷总量的顺序为剪口>病三七(绿臭)>筋条>绒根;不同规格三七含3种皂苷总量顺序为40头>80头>200头>120头>无数头。结论:改进的方法提取针对性强、供试品杂质少,可延长色谱柱使用寿命,节约分析成本,可用于三七皂苷类成分的提取;经比较,三七剪口3种皂苷总量最高,主根随着个头的增大3种皂苷的总量有逐渐升高趋势,三七不同药用部位与不同规格间3种皂苷含量无明显关系且均符合药典规定含量;患有绿臭病的三七其3种皂苷总含量无明显降低。

Objective： To improve “the sample solution preparation” method in “the content determination” item for Panax notoginseng （Burk.） from the first part of The Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China 2010 version （hereinafter ＂pharmacopoeia＂ for short） and to compare the contents of three kinds of saponins in different medicinal parts and different specifications of Panax notoginseng （Burk.）. Methods： The products were degreased with petroleum ether and extracted for three kinds of saponins with n-butanol; the contents of three saponins were determined in different medicinal parts （counter, shear mouth, bar and velvet root） and different specifications （40, 80, 120, 200 and countless heads） of Panax notoginseng. Result： The improved method can extract the three kinds of saponins effectively, the content order of the total three saponins from different medicinal parts of Panax notoginseng was shear mouth 〉 disease notoginseng （green smelly） 〉 bar 〉 velvet root; that from different specifications was 40 heads 〉 80 heads 〉 200 heads 〉 120 heads 〉 countless heads. Conclusion： The improved extraction method is pertinent, the products are purer, it can prolong the service life of columns and save the analysis cost, so it can be used for the extraction of notoginseng saponins. The content of the total three saponins is the highest in notoginseng snip by comparison, the amount of the three saponins in the main head rises with the size of the head. There is no obvious relation for the saponin contents between the medicinal parts and the specifications of Panax notoginseng, which all conform to the content prerequisite of the pharmacopoeia; there is no obvious decrease of the total content of saponins in notoginseng with green smelly disease.