汶川地震救援官兵中PTSD患者负性情绪表达及相关因素分析

Study on the negative emotions and related factors in military rescuers with PTSD after Wen Chuan earthquake

目的调查汶川地震6个月后救援官兵创伤后应激障碍(posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)患者的焦虑和抑郁状态,并探讨其相关因素。方法按整群分层抽样原则对1125名一线救援官兵进行调查,采用Davidson创伤量表(DTS)确定诊断PTSD组(DTS≥40分)和非PTSD组,分析两组Beck焦虑量表(BAI)、Beck抑郁量表-Ⅱ(BDI-Ⅱ)的测评结果,采用简单直线相关法进行相关性分析。结果①实查1056人,共检出PTSD 69例(6.5﹪);②PTSD组焦虑发生率、抑郁发生率均显著高于非PTSD组(P<0.01);③PTSD组BAI/BDI-Ⅱ各单项症状发生率及评分、总分均显著高于非PTSD组(P<0.05或P<0.01);④军龄、独生子女、饮酒、吸烟、兵源、心理干预、地震经历总分与PTSD患者负性情绪表达均无明显相关(P>0.05)。结论汶川地震救援官兵PTSD患者较非PTSD者具有更显著的焦虑、抑郁情绪,其症状发生率高、程度重,应及时进行有针对性地干预与治疗。

Objective To investigate the anxiety and depression status in military rescuers with posttranmatic stress disorder （PTSD） 6 months after Wen Chuan earthquake, and analyze the related factors. Methods A sample of 1125 military rescuers was obtained by cluster sampling method. The PTSD were examined with the Davidson Trauma Scale （DTS）, and according to the DTS score of ≥40 or 〈 40, all subjects were divided into PTSD group and non-PTSD group. The scores of Beck Anxiety Inventory （BAI） and Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ （BDI-Ⅱ） in the two groups were compared. Linear correlation analysis was used to study the effects of related factors on anxiety and depression scores in PTSD group. Results ①The final analysis was carried out on 1056 military rescuers. The prevalence of PTSD was 6.5 % （69 cases） ;②The occurrence rate of anxiety and depression were higher in PTSD group than that in non-PTSD group （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; ③The BAI/BDI- Ⅱ total scores, the score and frequency of each anxiety/depression symptom were higher in PTSD group than those in non-PTSD group （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ） ; ④ Whether the only child, whether smoking, whether drinking et al were not correlated with BAI and BDI- Ⅱ scores （P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion The military rescuers with PTSD after the earthquake have higher anxiety and depression levels, and have more frequent and prominent anxiety and depression symptoms. They should be given a timely and targeted psychological intervention or treatment.