避雨栽培条件下番茄灌排方案熵权系数评价

Entropy weight coefficient evaluation of irrigation and drainage scheme based on analysis of quality and rain ingredients of tomato

为了寻求南方地区避雨栽培条件下番茄优质高效生产的灌排方案,借助田间避雨小区试验,研究了10种不同灌排方案对番茄需水量、果实产量和品质的影响,采用主成分分析将6种单个品质评价指标转化成1个品质综合主成分.以品质综合主成分、产量、需水量和灌水量为评价指标,利用熵权系数法计算得到了各灌排处理的熵权评价值,确定了处理9为最优灌排处理,熵权评价值为0.873;其次为处理5,熵权评价值为0.85;最差为处理1,熵权评价值仅为0.593.研究结果表明,在避雨措施下,采用60%对照灌水量,暗管埋深0.8 m的处理9,番茄产量虽然随灌水量的减少而有所下降,但可增加可溶性固体物、总酸含量、维生素C含量和糖酸比等品质指标,改善果实口感与风味,同时提高灌溉水利用率,可作为南方地区避雨栽培条件下优质高产的番茄灌排方案.

In order to find an irrigation and drainage treatment under which tomatoes have a good quality and high yield under rain-shelter cultivation conditions in South China,effects of ten different irrigation and drainage schemes on plant growth,physiological indicators and fruit quality,yield of tomato were observed in a plot experiment,and a comprehensive index was proposed to assess the quality of tomatoes based on their main ingredients measured.The quality comprehensive index,yield,water consumption and irrigation amount were served as the indicators,then entropy weight evaluation values for the ten irrigation and drainage treatments were determined by using the entropy weight coefficient method.It was shown that the ninth treatment with the entropy weight value of 0.873 was optimal,the better one is the fifth treatment with the weight valve of 0.85,and the poorest one was the first treatment with the lowest weight value of 0.593.The results indicated that for the ninth treatment where a 60% irrigation amount of the control treatment was applied,and the plastic drainage tube was located at 0.8m depth under the soil surface in the rain-shelter cultivation condition,even the reduction in tomato yield was slightly reduced,the quality indexes such as soluble solids,titratable acidity,vitamin C,ratio of sugar over acid and so on were improved,causing better fruit taste and flavor;meanwhile,a high water use efficiency was achieved.Clearly,that treatment can be used as the irrigation and drainage scheme for tomato to have good quality and high yield in South China in rain-shelter cultivation.