进贤县以机代牛后血吸虫病传播因素调查

Investigation on transmission factors of schistosomiasis after replacement of bovine with machine in Jinxian County

目的了解湖沼地区实施以机代牛后血吸虫病传播因素的变化,为制定洲滩长效管理决策提供依据。方法选择进贤县爱国行政村2个已实施以机代牛的自然村作为观察村,收集2004-2010年实施以机代牛前后的血吸虫病疫情资料,分析其变化情况。选择草洲进行人、畜、野生动物等种类、分布和活动,以及野粪分布等情况调查。结果2005年以机代牛后,2006-2008年2个村草洲感染性钉螺密度呈逐年下降,2009-2010年感染螺密度降为0;居民粪检阳性率逐年下降,由2004年的11.35%下降至2009年和2010年的0。大部分草洲仍有牛和猪等放牧,并以外来家畜为主;共检测41份新鲜野粪,未发现血吸虫阳性。结论以机代牛取得明显的防治效果,但血吸虫病传播因素仍未完全消除,仍需加强家畜管理,并采取有针对性的综合治理措施,巩固防治成果。

Objective To understand the changes of transmission factors of schistosomiasis after the control strategy of replacing bovine with machine was implemented in the lake region,so as to provide the evidence for long-effective management in marshlands.Methods Two villages,which had carried out the control measure of replacing bovine with machine,were selected as observed villages.The data of endemic situation before and after the replacement were collected and analyzed.The species,activities,and stool distributions of infectious resources were surveyed.Results After the replacement was implemented in 2005,the densities of infected Oncomelania snails gradually decreased in the marshlands from 2006 to 2008;in 2009 and 2010,the densities of infected snails were both zero.The positive rates of stool examinations of residents in the villages decreased from 11.35% in 2004 to 0 in 2009 and 2010.There was still bovine and pig grazing on most of the marshlands,and 41 wild stools were examined with the negative results.Conclusion After replacing bovine with machine is implemented,the marshlands are cleaned continuously,but there are still a few livestock on the marshlands which need to be managed.