论哲学派系

On the Factions of Philosophy

哲学派系是指不同时期的哲学家们就某一或某些同感兴趣的哲学问题所阐发的相似的甚或相同的观念和学说所结成的理论阵线。它远远不止于人们通常提及的那几对， 而是在各个哲学分支中都有其共通的或各异的体现。哲学派系不同于哲学流派和哲学团体等哲学史现象， 它具有以下特点： 涵括哲学史的多个时期； 围绕着重要的哲学问题； 展示相似的或相同的观念和学说； 面向未来和未知开放； 往往成对出现。哲学派系的外在原由是认识对象的多面性、层次性和复杂性， 其内在原由是认识方式的差异性和共同性， 其深层根源是认识主体及其相关群体的生存境况的多样性和一致性。研究哲学派系具有多重意义。

Philosophical faction is a theoretical alignment made up of the similar or identical ideas and doctrines which philosophers in various times elucidated on their common philosophical concerns. It goes in quantity far beyond those few pairs usually mentioned, and emerges commonly or particularly in every branch of philosophy. Distinguished from the other phenomena such as a philosophical school and a philosophical body in the history of philosophy, a philosophical faction holds the characteristics below in itself: it extends into several periods of the history of philosophy, and develops itself surrounding important philosophical issues, it exhibits similar or identical ideas and doctrines, and opens to the future and the unknown, and it comes normally into being together with its opposite. The multidimension, stratification and complicacy of recognitive objects cause externally a faction of philosophy, the difference and identity of recognitive modes incites it internally, and it has its primitive origin in the variety and uniformity of the existential situation of recognitive subjects and their related communities. Out of the research of philosophical factions spring quite a few academic significances.