东北地区10年螨变应原诱发的过敏性疾病调查分析

Investigation and analysis of ten years mite allergen-induced anaphylactic disease in the northeast of China

目的了解东北地区十年螨变应原诱发的过敏性疾病病种及特征,为东北地区过敏性疾病的防治提供依据。方法本研究采用我科信息系统数据库,统计自2001年1月—2010年12月共10年的过敏性疾病人数,并结合数据库中皮肤点刺试验(SPT)结果,对尘螨变应原诱发的过敏性疾病的病种、性别、年龄、职业、环境等进行统计及分析研究。结果 10年中来我科就诊的总人数为156 800人次,就诊病种主要为哮喘、鼻炎、荨麻疹、皮炎、湿疹、结膜炎、过敏性结肠炎等。由尘螨变应原引起的过敏性疾病最多的是过敏性哮喘,其次是变应性鼻炎、荨麻疹、皮炎。结论东北地区尘螨孳生多见,易引起过敏,且患者四季均可发病。加强居室环境尘螨类控制,是减轻尘螨病症状和减少过敏发作的重要预防措施。

Objective To understand ten years mite allergen-induced disease and its characteristics in the northeast of China,provide scientific basis for the control and prevention of local allergic diseases. Methods The utilisation of the database of our information system,statistically from January 2001 to December 2010,a number of allergic diseases cases for 10 years period,combined with the skin prick test（SPT） result in our database,studied and analyzed allergic house dust mite allergen-induced diseases based on different species,sex,age,occupation,environment,statistics,etc. Results For the 10 years period our department have received a number of 156 800 patients,types mainly for retrospective asthma,rhinitis,urticaria,dermatitis,eczema,conjunctivitis and allergic colitis.Among those diseases the most cases caused by dust mite allergens is allergic asthma,followed by allergic rhinitis,urticaria and dermatitis. Conclusion Dust mite breed easily in the Northeast area of China,which can cause allergies in all four seasons.The improvement of the control of room environment is critical for the elimination of house dust mite,which can reduce allergic symptoms and the occurrence of dust mite disease dramatically.