泛指:师陀小说的写作策略

General Reference:the Writing Teehniques (Strategies) of SHI Tuo's Novels

作为中国现代文学史上一位引人瞩目的乡土小说作家 ,师陀的作品力求超越特定的历史对象而提升为民族生存处境的概括和整体象征 ,呈现出与众不同的泛指化倾向。与一般乡土小说地域描写的具体性、清晰性不同 ,师陀有意淡化地方色彩 ,使作品的地域描写指向更广阔的空间 ,成为乡土中国的一个缩影。他常常稀释现实生活的原生态 ,忽略时代和社会的背景 ,反复讲述人生的各种悲剧性故事 ,突出生活中不变的阴暗与丑陋 ,引导读者去参悟宇宙和人生的奥义。在人物形象的塑造上 ,师陀竭力寻找人物身上有普遍代表性和规律性的东西 ,往往通过一个人来表现一类人的特征 ,具有类型化的特点。在文体方面 ,师陀运用了简化和议论的手段来加强作品的所指 。

As an outstanding writer of regional novels in the history of contemporary Chinese literature,SHI Tuo strives to transcend the limitations of the fixed era for his characters in his works and refine them into the summery of the plight of the nation and a symbol as a whole,thus displaying the dirversitfied trends in his writings unlike the general features of regional novels which have given too much specific and clear descriptions of regional characteristics,SHI Tuo intends to reduce the intensity of local colors,making thedescriptions of regional literature more vast in space,so his works have been regarded as the epitome of China. He had often interpreted the primary state of actual life in his works,neglecting the background of the time and society,repeatedly recounting various tragic stories in life, projecting the invariable dark and ugly sides of life and leading the reader to comprehend the mystery of universe and life. As for the characterization, SHI Tuo attempts to seek something representative and regular from his characters in order to represent the traits of a group of people through the description of one person,so his works have typological features. As for his style,Shituo tries to use the methods of simplification and comments for strengthening the intention of his works and of poetry and satire for compensating for the weakness of his works for being too rational.