吸毒者药物成瘾严重程度初步测查

A Preliminary Study on the Severity of Drug Addiction in Drug Abusers

目的 :测量药物成瘾综合指标和严重程度。方法 :自行设计“30项药物成瘾严重程度问卷”(30ItemsDrugAddictionSeverityQuestionnaire,DASQ - 30 ) ,对哈尔滨、南京、云南和重庆四地区戒毒治疗机构收治的35 9例药物成瘾者进行结构性访谈测试和自评。采用BDI- 13测查DASQ - 30的内容效度。结果 :30项问题单项分值超过 4分的有 4个项目 ,分别是累积药物滥用时间 (4 45± 1 0 5 )、对毒品的渴求感 (4 33± 1 30 )、起床后首次用药时间 (4 2 3± 1 18)和用药频率 (4 0 5± 0 94)。 9项因子平均分依严重程度大小依次排列如下 :家庭危害后果因子 (3 35± 1 38) ;药物滥用基本情况因子 (3 2 6± 0 99) ;复吸因子 (3 0 4± 1 12 ) ;精神依赖性因子(2 97± 1 2 8) ;身体依赖性因子 (2 95± 1 14) ;身体损害因子 (2 83± 1 6 0 ) ;社会危害后果因子 (2 47± 1 2 3) ;艾滋病知识、行为危险性因子 (2 13± 1 31) ;多药滥用因子 (1 86± 0 85 )。BDI- 13总均分为 16 2 0± 7 6 6 ;BDI- 13与DASQ - 30的Pearson相关系数为 0 5 2 (p<0 0 1)。结论 :本调查对药物滥用相关的 30项问题 ,及其以此为基础归纳为 9个因子进行分析 ,结果反映了该群体药物滥用综合情况、严重程度及其各相关因子的分布情况。

Objective: To evaluate the impact and severity of drug addiction in drug abusers. Method: A total of 359 drug addicts from four detoxification centers in Harbin, Nanjing, Yunnan and Chongqing were assessed using a self-designed structured 30 items Drug Addiction Severity Questionnaire (DASQ-30). The validity of DASQ was tested by BDI-13. Results: The items with score > 4 included accumulative drug use time (4.45±1.05), craving for drug (4.33±1.30), the time of first drug use in the morning (4.23±1.18) and frequency of drug use (4.05±0.94). The 9 factors of DASQ ranked as FC (3.35±1.38), GI (3.26±0.99), Re (3.04±1.12), PsD (2.97±1.28), PhD (2.95±1.14), HS (2.83±1.60), SC (2.47±1.23), AIDS (2.13±1.31) and Poly-D (1.86±0.85). The mean total score of BDI-13 was 16.20±1.23, and Pearson correlation coefficient between BDI-13 and DASQ-30 was 0.52 (p<0.01). Conclusions: The DASQ-30 can reflect comprehensive status of drug abusers, the severity of drug addiction and the distribution of related factors.