海上训练与跳伞训练军训伤的流行病学调查

Epidemiological investigation of military training injuries in sea training and parachuting training

目的 研究空军的跳伞训练和海军的海上训练期间军训伤的流行病学特征 ,制定初步的预防措施 .方法 采用就诊登记和回顾性调查的方法调查了军训伤的发生情况 .结果 空军某部新兵军训伤的发生率为 16 .3% ,海军某部新兵为18.7% ,海军老兵为 5 .5 % .空军新兵和海军新兵的发生率无显著性差异 ,海军新兵和老兵之间的发生率有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1) .海军新兵的发生高峰为开训后第 2个月 ,海军老兵的发生高峰为开训后第 1个月 ,空军新兵开训后第 2个月发生率较低 ,其余月份均维持较高水平 .海军的受伤部位以小腿和踝关节为主 ,分别占 42 .9%和 17.9% ;空军的受伤部位以踝关节和腰部为主 ,分别占 2 6 .9%和 2 3.9% .海军和空军均以急性创伤性损伤为主要类型 ,且均以关节扭伤为主要伤型 .结论 不同于基础训练的训练内容 ,军训伤的发生情况亦不同 .根据特殊训练的特殊性 。

AIM To study epidemiological characteristics of military training injuries during parachuting training of the air force and sea training of the navy. METHODS 1382 soldiers were investigated by epidemiological method. RESULTS The incidence in air force recruits was 16.3% and in navy recruits was 18.7%. The incidence in navy soldiers was 5.5%, which was significantly lower than that in navy recruits( P <0.01 ). The peak of incidence occurred in navy recruits, in the 2nd training month, while that in navy soldiers was in the 1st training month. The incidence in air force maintained a high level except in the 2nd training month. The incidence of injuries in lower legs and ankles was higher than that in other parts of the body in navy with ratio 42.9% and 17.9% respectively. The incidence of injuries in ankles and lumbar was higher than that in other parts of the body in air force with ratio 26.9% and 23.9% respectively. The incidence of acute traumatic injuries was the highest during special course. CONCLUSION The results showed that sea and parachuting training could make injuries varied. Different preventive measures should be adopted during special training.