油棕无壳种种子催芽育苗方法研究

Study on seed germination of shell-less oil palm (Pisifera)

无壳种油棕在薄壳种油棕育种中起重要作用，但无壳种油棕种子因无种壳保护，易失水干燥及易受病菌虫侵害，催芽难度极大。为解决无壳油棕种子催芽难问题，设计了1种方法：将无壳种子置于底部贴有滤纸的培养皿，皿内加入一层水，然后将培养皿置于38～40℃的恒温箱内；每周对种子进行1～2次0．5％～1％次氯酸钠溶液漂洗；种子萌芽后立即转移到沙床继续生长。结果表明，催芽2个月后，萌发率达73％以上，明显优于培养基培养法和沙床直接催芽法。该方法较好地解决了油棕无壳种种子萌发难问题。

Shell-less oil palm （Pisifera） plays an important role in thin-shelled oil palm （Tenera） breeding. As the lack of shell protection, Pisifera seeds are prone to dessication and easily invaded by bacteria, fungi and insects, and thus the germination is extremely difficult. To solve this problem, a method was designed： pisifera seeds were put into culture plates, on the bottom of which there was filter paper and water. The plates were kept in a thermostatic incubator under 38-40℃; the seeds were soaked once or twice in 0.5%-1% sodium hypochlorite solution during 7 d. The results showed that the germination rate reached 73% two months later and the method was better than media culture and direct germination in sand bed. The problem ofpisifera seed germination was finally solved.